在圣婴出生后第40天,根据律法至圣童贞女将其带到耶路撒冷的圣殿,将其献于上帝,并洁净自己。(勒维人之书/利/肋12:2-7;出离之书/出12:2)。虽然这两个都不是必须的,但是颁布律法的上帝并不想在任何方面违背他自己当初通过他的仆人和先知摩伊息斯传达的律法。那时,高级祭司匝哈利亚,也就是前驱者施洗约安的父亲在圣殿中事奉。匝哈利亚并没有将玛利亚安置在圣殿中专为妇女而设置的地方,而是将她安置在了专为童女设置的地方。当时,有两位不同寻常的人物出现在神殿中,这就是长老西麦翁和法内力的女儿安纳。义人西麦翁把弥赛亚抱在臂弯中说:“主啊!如今可以照你的话,释放仆人安然去世。因为我的眼睛已经看见你的救恩”(路喀福音/路加2:29-30)。关于圣婴耶稣,西麦翁又说:“这孩子注定是要叫以色列中许多人衰亡,许多人兴起”(路喀福音/路加2:34)。安纳从年轻时起就在圣殿里以戒斋祈祷事奉上帝,此时,她认出了弥赛亚并赞美上帝,此后她将人们期待已久的上帝的到来讲述给耶路撒冷民众。然而,在圣殿中的法利赛人听到了且看到了这一切,就泄怒于匝哈利亚,因为他将童女玛利亚安置在了专为童女而设置的地方,并将这事报告给伊若德王。伊若德王确信,这就是东方三博士口中所说的新生王,于是马上派兵追杀耶稣。与此同时,耶稣一家已经在上帝之天使的引领下出城,前往埃及去了。主进殿节从最早时代就已经开始庆祝了,但只是在查士丁尼皇帝在位期间的公元544年才正式开始进行隆重庆祝。 
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