圣徒犹大是十二使徒之一。他是约熙福和萨洛米的儿子,是雅各的兄弟,也是主的兄弟。约熙福同萨洛米共生了四个儿子:雅各、何西阿、西门和犹大。这个犹大有时也被这样称呼:"雅各的儿子犹大("儿子"或作"兄弟")"(路喀福音/路加6:16;使徒行传1:14),因为雅各比起其他兄弟来更被人所知。犹大在他的书信的开头这样写道:"耶稣基督的仆人、雅各的弟兄犹大"(犹大书1:1)。尽管他可以被称作主的兄弟,如同雅各那样,但是他并不是出于谦卑和羞辱,因为起初他并不相信主基督。年老的约熙福在临终前打算同他其他的孩子那样也使得耶稣分得部分家产,遭到了所有兄弟的反对,犹大也是如此,只有雅各情愿拿出自己的部分财产分给耶稣。犹大又叫做利未和塔德乌斯。另一个塔德乌斯是70使徒之一(8月21日),但是这个塔德乌斯或犹大是十二圣徒之一。犹大在犹大、撒玛利亚、加利利、以土买、徐利亚、阿拉伯、美索布达米亚和亚美尼亚传讲福音。在阿布加尔的埃德萨城,他将另一个名叫塔德乌斯的人以前传讲的福音继续进行下去。当犹大在阿拉拉特附近地区传讲福音时被异教徒抓住,并被钉在十字架上被箭穿伤致死,由此得以进入基督永恒的国度。
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